© Borgis - Postepy Fitoterapii 3, s. 155-167
*Katarzyna Karłowicz-Bodalska1, 2, Tadeusz Bodalski
Znaczenie surowców roślinnych w leczeniu schorzeń wątroby
Role of plant crude drugs in treatment of liver diseases
1Hasco-Lek S.A. we Wrocławiu
Prezes Hasko-Lek: dr n. biol. Stanisław Han
2Zakład Farmacji Przemysłowej Wydziału Farmaceutycznego AM we Wrocławiu
Kierownik Zakładu: dr n. biol. Stanisław Han
Summary
The role of phytotherapy in the contemporary medicine has been commonly known and described in many elaborations. Liver – the main detoxifying organ of our organism – is constantly endangered with a toxic action of various external agents, which may often lead to a persistent damage of hepatocytes. Herbal medicines most frequently used in the treatment of liver impairments are: Fol. Cynarae, Fruct. Schisandrae and Fruct. Silybi mariani. The treatment with these drugs is recognized as safe and well tolerated.
According to some controversial opinion concerning the results of treatment of the liver diseases by means of the above mentioned drugs, the review of some literature positions (71) published mainly after the year 2000, discussing the chemical properties and pharmacological activity of these drugs, was carried out in order to verify their actual role in medicine.
These three herbal drugs – Fol. Cynarae, Fruct. Schisandrae and Fruct. Silybi mariani – have been subsequently studied in phytochemical and pharmacological institutes in many countries. The results of the pharmacological investigations in various experimental animal models have confirmed a broad spectrum of the hepatoprotective activity of these plants as well as their preparations, and in some cases, they have shown new, non traditional uses of these medicinal plant drugs.
Clinical studies have confirmed the therapeutic potential of Cynara scolymus, particularly in the treatmant of hepato-biliary dysfunction, digestive complaints (antispasmodic activity of cynaropicrin), and its choleretic and antioxidant effects. The fruit of Schizandra chinensis increase the capacity to fight various aspects of stress (adaptogen activity). Experimental evidences suggest that Schizandra and its active components (lignans – schizandrin and schizandrols) have hepato-protective abilities. They have been shown to lower SGPT levels in patients with chronic viral hepatotoxicity. Schizandrin B and C have been found to have a strong scavenging effect against active oxygen radicals.
The preparations obtained from Silybum marianum showed the most controversial results of the pharmacological and clinical investigations. Some of the studies (review articles) ensure the hepatoprotective activity of flavonolignans silymarin (mixture) and silybin, the main active substances of Silybum marianum. According to these publications silymarin acts by its antioxidative, anti-lipid peroxidative, antiinflammatory, membrane stabilizing, immunomodulatory and liver regenerating mechanisms, and is used as a cytoprotectant for the treatment of liver disease. Some other reviews and several actual clinical studies are contradictory and do not confirm these results. The obtained data are too limited in order to exclude the benefit or harm of the treatment with the preparations of Silybum marianum.
Present investigations of silymarin/silybin are focused on the new pharmacological activity of these substances (anticancerogen, canceroprotective, chemopreventive hypocholesterolemic and immunostimulant actions). Studies in vitro and in animal models support the possibility that silymarin has anticancerogenic effects for prostate, breast, colon and bladder cancer.
The non traditional applications of silymarin may result in a new approach to protect the other organs in addition to liver.
Key words: treatment of liver damage, fol. cynarae, fr. schsandrae, fr. silybi mariani, silymarin
Piśmiennictwo
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otrzymano/received: 2007-08-15
zaakceptowano/accepted: 2007-09-20
Adres/address:
*Katarzyna Karłowicz-Bodalska
Hasco-Lek S.A.
ul. Żmigrodzka 242e, 51-131 Wrocław
tel.: (0-71) 353-95-22
e-mail: hasco@hasco-lek.com.pl
