Nowopoznana rola witaminy K w patogenezie chorób cywilizacyjnych

1. Dam H, Schönheyder F: A deficiency disease in chicks resembling scurvy. Biochem J 1934; 28: 1355-9. 2. Zetterstrom R. H. C. P. Dam (1895-1976), E. A. Doisy (1893-1986): The discovery of antihaemorrhagic vitamin and its impact on neonatal health. Acta Paediatrica 2006; 95: 642-4. 3. McFarlane WD, Graham WR, Richardson F: The FAT-soluble vitamin requirements of the chick: the vitamin A and vitamin D content of fish meal and meat meal. Biochem J 1930; 25: 358-66. 4. Dam H: The antihaemorrhagic vitamin of the chick. Biochem J 1935; 29: 1273-85. 5. Almquist HJ: Purification of the antihemorrhagic vitamin. J Biol Chem 1936; 114: 241-5. 6. Almquist HJ: Purification of the antihemorrhagic vitamin by distillation. J Biol Chem 1936; 115: 589-91. 7. McKee RW, Binkley SB, MacCorquodale DW: The isolation of vitamins K1 and K2. J Am Chem Soc 1936; 61: 1295. 8. Almquist HJ, Stokstad ELR: Hemorrhagic chick disease of dietary origin. J Biol Chem 1935; 111: 105-13. 9. Lehmann J: Vitamin K as a prophylactic In 13.000 infants. Lancet 1944; 243: 493-4. 10. Vermeer C, Braam L: Role of K vitamins in the regulation of tissue calcification. J Bone Miner Metab 2001; 19: 201-6. 11. Cranenburg ECM, Schurgers LJ Vermeer C: Vitamin K: The coagulation vitamin that became omnipotent. Thromb Haemost 2007; 98: 120-5. 12. Lamson DW, Plaza SM: The anticancer effects of vitamin K. Alternative Medicine Review 2003; 8: 303-18. 13. Vermeer C et al.: Beyond Deficiency: Potential benefits of increased intakes of vitamin K for bone and vascular health. Eur J Nutr 2004; 43: 325-35. 14. Okano T et al.: Conversion of Phylloquinone (Vitamin K1) into Menaquinone-4 (Vitamin K2) in Mice. Two possible routes for menaquinone+4 accumulation in cerebra of mice. J Biol Chem 2008; 283: 11270-9. 15. Schurgers LJ et al.: Nutritional intake of vitamin K1 (Phylloquinone) and K2 (Menaquinone) in The Netherlands. Journal of Nutritional & Enviromental Medicine 1999; 9: 115-22. 16. Opracowanie: Benefits Beyond coagulation. Effects on osteoporosis and calcification of arteries. NAttoPharma. 17. Ronden JE, Thijssen HWH, Vermeer C: Tissue distribution of K-vitamers under different nutritional regimens in the rat. Biochim Biophys Acta Acta 1998; 1379: 16-22. 18. Knapen MH, Hamulyak K, Vermeer C: The effect of vitamin K supplementation on circulating osteocalcin (bone Gla protein) and urinary calcium excretion. Ann Int Med 1989; 111: 1001-5. 19. Schurgers LJ, Vermeer C: Differential lipoprotein transport pathways of K-vitamins in healthy subjects. Biochim Biophys Acta 2002; 1570: 27-32. 20. Vermeer C: Serum level of absorbed vitamin MK-7 and K1 in healthy people aged 55-60 years. Pilot Study 2; 2003. 21. Adams J, Pepping J: Vitamin K In the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis and arterial calcification. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 2005; 62: 1574-81. 22. Collins A, Cashman KD, Kiely M: Phylloquinone (vitamin K1) intakes and serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin levels In Irish postmenopausal women. Br J Nutr 2006; 95: 982-8. 23. Booth SL: Vitamin K status In the elderly. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2007; 10: 20-9. 24. Hodges SJ et al.: Detection and measurements of vitamins K1 and K2 in human cortical and trabecular bone. J Bone Miner Res 1993; 8: 1005-8. 25. Proudfoot D, Shanahan CM: Molecular mechanism mediating vascular calcification: Role of matrix Gla protein. Nephrology 2006; 11: 455-61. 26. Wallin R, Sane DC, Hutson SM: Vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase and the vitamin K-dependent g-carboxylation system. Thromb Res 2003; 108: 221-6. 27. Schurgers LJ et al.: Regression of warfarin-induced medial elastocalcinosis by high intake of vitamin K in rats. Blood 2007; 109: 2823-31. 28. Suttie JW: Vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. Ann Rev 1985; 54: 459-77. 29. Cain D, Hutson SM, Wallin R: Assembly of the warfarin-sensitive vitamin K 2,3-epoxide reductase enzyme complex in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. J Biol Chem 1997;272: 29068-75. 30. Chu PH et al.: Purified vitamin K epoxide reductase alone is sufficient for conversion of vitamin K epoxide to vitamin K and vitamin K to vitamin KH2. PNAS 2006; 103: 19308-13. 31. Cranenburg ECM et al.: The circulating inactive form of Matrix Gla Protein (ucMGP) as a biomarker for cardiovascular Calcification. J Vasc Res 2008; 45: 427-36. 32. Shearer MJ: Role of vitamin K and Gla proteins in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis and vascular calcification. Curr Opin Clin Nutr & Metab Care 2000; 3: 433-8. 33. Erkkila AT, Booth SL: Vitamin K intake and atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol 2008; 19: 39-42. 34. Karsenty G: Genetics of Skeletogenesis. Dev Genet 1998; 22: 301-13. 35. Luo G et al.: Spontaneous calcification of arteries and cartilage In mice lacking matrix Gla protein. Nature 1997; 386: 78-81. 36. Horie-Inoue K, Inoue S: Steroid and xenobiotic receptor mediates a novel vitamin K2 signaling pathway in osteoblastic cells. J Bone Miner Metab 2008; 26: 9-12. 37. Saxena SP, Israels ED, Israels LG: Novel vitamin K dependent pathways regulating cell survival. Apoptosis 2001; 6: 57-68. 38. Szulc P et al.: Serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin is a marker of the risk of hip frapture: a three year follow-up study. Bone 1996; 18: 487-8. 39. Braam LA et al.: Assay for human Matrix Gla Protein in serum: potential application in the cardiovascular field. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2000; 20: 1257-61. 40. Price PA, Faus SA, Williamson MK: Warfarin causes rapid calcification of the elastic lamellae in rat arteries and heart valves. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1998; 18: 1400-7. 41. Spronk HM et al.: Tissue-specific utilization of menaquinone-4 results in the prevention of arterial calcification in warfarin-treated rats. J Vasc Res 2003; 40: 531-7. 42. Stafford DW, Roberts HR, Vermeer C: Vitamin K supplementation during oral anticoagulation: cautions. Blood 2007; 109: 3607. 43. Lietman PS, Pettifor JM, Benson R: Congenital malformations associated with the administration of oral anticoagulants during pregnancy. J Pediatr 1975; 86: 459-62. 44. Pastoureau P et al.: Osteopenia and bone-remodeling abnormalities in warfarin-treated lambs. J Bone Miner Res 1993; 8: 1417-26. 45. Gage BF et al.: Risk of osteoporotic fracture in elderly patients taking warfarin: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation 2. Arch Intern Med 2006; 166: 241-6. 46. Tabb MM, Sun A, Zhou C: Vitamin K2 Regulation of Bone Homeostasis Is Mediated by the Steroid and Xenobiotic Receptor SXR. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 43919-27. 47. Koshihara Y et al.: Vitamin K stimulates osteoblastogenesis and inhibits osteoclastogenesis in human bone marrow cell culture. J Endocrinol 2003; 3: 339-48. 48. Ducy P et al.: Increased bone formation In osteocalcin-deficient mice. Nature 1996; 382: 448-52. 49. Booth SL et al.: Effects of vitamin K supplementation on bone loss In elderly men and women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008; 93: 1217-23. 50. Vergnaud P et al.: Undercarboxylated osteocalcin measured with a specific immunoassay predicts hip fracture in elderly women: the EPIDOS Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1997; 82: 719-24. 51. Szulc P et al.: Serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin is a marker of the risk of hip fracture in elderly women. J Clin Invest 1993; 4: 1769-74. 52. Szulc P et al.: Serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin correlates with hip bone mineral density in elderly women. J Bone Miner Res 1994; 9: 1591-5. 53. Feskanish D et al.: Vitamin K intake and hip fracture In women: a prospective study. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 1: 74-9. 54. Coutu D et al.: Periostin: a member of a novel family of vitamin K-dependent proteins is expressed by mesenchymal stromal cells. J Biol Chem 2008; 1-21. 55. Igarashi M et al.: Vitamin K induces osteoblast differentiation through pregnane X receptor-mediated transcriptional control of the Msx2 gene. Mol Cell Biol 2007; 27: 7947-54. 56. Ichikawa T et al.: Steroid and Xenobiotic Receptor SXR Mediates Vitamin K2-activated Transcription of Extracellular Matrix-related Genes and Collagen Accumulation in Osteoblastic Cells. J Biol Chem 2006; 281: 16927-34. 57. Ohta K et al.: Tsukushi functions as an organizer inducer by inhibition of BMP activity in cooperation with chordin. Dev Cell 2004; 7: 347-58. 58. Wiberg C et al.: Complexes of Matrilin-1 and Biglycan or Decorin Connect Collagen VI Microfibrils to Both Collagen II and Aggrecan. J Biol Chem 2003; 278: 37698-704. 59. Wagenera R et al.: The matrilins - adaptor proteins in the extracellular matrix. FEBS 2005; 579: 3323-9. 60. Shea MK et al.: Vitamin K and vitamin D status: association with inflammatory markers in the Framingham Offspring Study. Am J Epidemiol 2008; 167: 313-20. 61. El-Abbadi M, Giachelli CM: Mechanisms of vascular calcification. Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease 2007; 14: 54-66. 62. Schurgers LJ et al.: Oral anticoagulant treatment: friend and foe in cardiovascular disease? Blood 2004; 104: 3231-2. 63. Koos R et al.: Relation of oral anticoagulation to cardiac valvular and coronary calcium assessed by multislice spiral computed tomography. Am J Cardol 2005; 96: 747-9. 64. Hall JG, Pauli RM, Wilson KM: Maternal and fetal sequelae of anticoagulation during pregnancy. Am J Med 1980; 68: 122-40. 65. Howe AM et al.: Severe cervical dysplasia and nasal cartilage calcification following prenatal warfarin exposure. Am J Med Genet 1997; 71: 391-6. 66. Braam LA, Hoeks AP, Brouns F: Beneficial effects of vitamins D and K on the elastic properties of the vessel wall in postmenopausal women: a follow-up study. Thromb Haemost 2004; 91: 373-80. 67. Geleijnse JM, Vermeer C, Grobbee DE: Dietary intake of menaquinone is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease: The Rotterdam Study. J Nutr 2004; 134: 3100-5. 68. Allison AC: The possible role of vitamin K deficiency in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer´s disease and in augmenting brain damage associated with cardiovascular disease. Med Hypotheses 2001; 57: 151-5. 69. Kohlmeier M, Salomon A, Saupe J, Shearer MJ: Transport of vitamin K to bone In humans. J Nutr 1996; 126 (suppl): 1192S-6S . 70. Cauley JA et al.: Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism: A New Genetic Marker of Hip Fracture Risk-The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. J Bone Miner Res 1999; 14: 1175-81. 71. Thijssen HHW, Drittij-Reijnders MJ: Vitamin K distribution in rat tissue: dietary phylloquinone is a source of tissue menaquinone-4. Br J Nutr 1994; 72: 415-25. 72. Lev M, Milford AF: Effect of vitamin K depletion and restoration on sphingolipid metabolism in Bacteroides melaninogenicus. J Lipid Res 1972; 13: 364-70. 73. Sundaram KS, Lev Meir: Warfarin administration reduces synthesis of sulfatides and other sphingolipids in mouse brain. J Lipid Res 1998; 29: 1475-9. 74. Sundaram KS et al.: Vitamin K status influences brain sulfatide metabolism in young mice and rats. J Nutr 1996; 126: 2746-51. 75. Mitchell JS, Simon-Reuss I: Combination of some effects of x-radiation and a synthetic vitamin K substitute. Nature 1947; 160: 98-9. 76. Sasaki R et al.: DNA polymerase g inhibition by vitamin K3 induces mitochondria-mediated cytotoxicity in human cancer cells. Cancer Sci 2008; 99: 1040-8. 77. Nimptsch K, Rohrmann S, Linseisen J: Dietary intake of vitamin K and risk of prostate cancer in the Heidelberg cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Heidelberg). Am J Clin Nutr 2008; 87: 985-92. 78. Noto V et al.: Effects of sodium ascorbate (vitamin C) and 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (vitamin K3) treatment on human tumor cell growth in vitro.Synergism of combined viatmin C and K3 action. Cancer 1989; 63: 901-6. 79. Sibayama-Imazu T et al.: Induction of apoptosis in PA-1 ovarian cancer cells by vitamin K2 is associated with an increased in the level of TR3/Nur77 and its accumulation in mitochondria and nuclei. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2008; 134: 803-12. 80. Wu Q et al.: Modulation of retinoic acid sensitivity in lung cancer cells through dynamic balance of orphan receptors nur77 and COUP-TF and their heterodimerization. EMBO J 1997; 16: 1656-69. 81. Habu D, Shiomi S, Tamori A: Role of vitamin K2 in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in women with viral cirrhosis of the liver. JAMA 2004; 292: 358-61. 82. Kaneda M et al.: Vitamin K2 suppress malignancy of HuH7 hepatoma cells via inhibition of connexin 43. Cancaer Lett 2008; 263: 53-60. 83. Cummings SR, Melton LJ: Epidemiology and outcomes of osteoporotic fractures. Lancet 2002; 359: 1761-7. 84. Women Health Intitative study - USA 2006: N Engl J Med, Feb. 16. 85. Kaneki M et al.: Japanese fermented soybean food as the major determinant of large geographic difference in circulating levels of vitamin K2: possible implications for hip-fracture risk. Nutrition 2001; 17: 315-21.